面向实车使用的重载柴油机寿命损耗机理研究

针对重载柴油机实车使用过程中寿命影响因素众多、损耗机理不清的问题,从柴油机使用寿命定义出发,系统研究某型12150柴油机技术状况变化规律;引入FMECA方法、正态分布统计和Pearson相关分析法确定实车运用中影响柴油机使用寿命的主要损伤模式、关键部件和实体特征参数。基于SEM分析缸套-活塞环磨损失效机理。结果表明:缸套-活塞环磨损是决定重载柴油机使用寿命的关键,摩擦副上止点附近表面因发生严重粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和腐蚀磨损的综合磨损失效,导致柴油机性能下降到极限,达到寿命终了,缸套上止点附近磨损深度是表征重载柴油机使用寿命的实体特征参数。

Study on life loss mechanism of heavy duty diesel engine for real vehicle application

The heavy-duty diesel engine life loss mechanism was unclear and influence factor was multitudinous on real vehicle condition. In view of these problems, this paper starting from the definition of the diesel engine service life, and system studied the change of technical status of the 12150 diesel engine. The FMECA method, normal distribution statistics and Pearson correlation analysis were used to identify the main damage modes, key components and physical parameters which affect the service life of diesel engine on real vehicle condition. Analyzed cylinder-piston ring wear failure mechanism based on SEM. The result showed that the wear of cylinder piston ring was the key to determine the service life of heavy-duty diesel engine. The friction pairs surface near the top dead center occurred the serious comprehensive wear failure of adhesive wear, abrasive wear and corrosion wear. The diesel engine performance dropped to its limit and reached the end of service life. The wear depth near the top of the cylinder liner was the solid characteristic parameter characterizing of the heavy-duty diesel engine service life.