物象空间正则归一化坐标理论及其在光学软件中的应用

介绍了Hopkins提出的物象空间正则归一化坐标理论，具体说明了正则归一化坐标的形成方法，在象持评价中，由于该坐标系统引用了出瞳参考球面，在出瞳函和象面复振幅分布间建立了简单而精确的傅立叶变换关系，方便了点扩散函 和光学传递函数的计算，在结构优化中，由于正则归一化坐标使系统的人瞳与出瞳间存在1：1的对应关系，大大降低了象差多项多的计算量，因此可以用波象差均方差作为评价函数，加强了优化计算的理论依据。

Canonical Coordinates in Optical Design Software

The theory of canonical coordinates, developed by Prof. H. H. Hopkins, is introduced and the formation of the coordinates discussed. The introduction of reference spheres on the pupils establishes a simple and precise Fourier transform relation between the pupil function and the point spread function, which facilitates the image assessment of an optical system. It also enables the establishment of an one to one correspondence between the entrance and exit pupil, and this makes it possible to use the variance of wave aberration as the merit function in the optimization calculation. Methods of implementing the advantages of the theory in an optical design software are considered, so as to improve its effectiveness and calculation accuracy.