电解质对铁铬氧化还原电池正负极性能的影响

本文提出了用氯化铵取代电池体系中常用的盐酸介质.实验结果表明,以氯化铵作为电解质,可提高Cr~(3+)/Cr~(2+)电对的氧化还原可逆性,特别是电解液不会产生老化现象.而添动少量盐酸作为活性添加剂,对Cr~(3+)/Cr~(2+)电对则具有很好的活化作用.我们还研究了Pb~(2+)离子对Cr~(+3)还原反应的催化作用.最后,对Fe~(+3)/Fe~(2+)电对在氯化铵介质中的氧化还原可逆性进行了研究.

Effect of Elecctrolyte on the Performance of Positive and Negative Electrodes in Fe-Cr Redox Cell

The chief factor affecting the performance of Fe-Cr redox cells is theredox reversibility of the Cr~(3+)/Cr~(2+)couple.The key to the elevation of theredox reversibility of the Cr~(3+)/Cr~(2+)couple is how to activate the reduction ofthe Cr~(3+) and to retard hydrogen evolution.This paper proposes that the hydro-chloric acid as an electrolyte can be replaced by ammonium chloride.The re-sults show that the electrolyte of NH_4CL has the capacity of improving the redoxreversibility of the Cr~(3+)/Cr~(2+) couple and,especially,it has been found thatthis electrolyte does not age.A small amount of HCL as an active addi-tive has desirable effects on the Cr~(3+)/Cr~(2+)couple.The effect of lead ions as acatalytic additive on the Cr~(3+)reduction is also discussed here.Finally,the red-ox reversibility of the Fe~(3+)/Fe~(2+) couple in electrolyte of NH_4CL is studied.