基于MATLAB/Simulink的氢燃料电池系统建模与仿真

车用氢燃料电池在实际应用中易受外界环境和工况变化的影响,存在电压输出不稳定、大滞后性以及燃料安全性等问题,严重阻碍了燃料电池的商业化应用推广.建立更为准确的燃料电池系统模型能够更有效地进行仿真与优化.采用机理建模和辨识建模相结合的方式建立了氢燃料电池系统模型,依据电堆的实际情况建立了输出电压、输出功率的半经验模型;根据燃料电池系统的工作原理,建立了燃料电池空气供给系统和氢气供给系统的机理模型,并在MATLAB/Simulink环境下进行了仿真分析.结果表明:该模型能有效反映电堆运行的工作压力、电堆温度、阴阳极工作压力差以及氧气过量比等关键参数的静、动态变化,进而绘制不同工况下的输出电压、输出功率随负载电流的关系曲线图,从得到的关系曲线图中,得出不同参数的变化对燃料电池运行的影响结果.

Hydrogen Fuel Cell System Modeling and Simulation Based on Matlab/Simulink

Hydrogen fuel cells for vehicles are susceptible to changes in the external environment and operating conditions in practical applications, and there are problems such as unstable voltage output, large hysteresis, and fuel safety, which seriously hinder the commercial application and promotion of fuel cells. Establishing a more accurate fuel cell system model can more effectively simulate and optimize. In this paper, a hydrogen fuel cell system model is established by combining mechanism modeling and identification modeling. In order to establish the hydrogen fuel cell system model, the combination of mechanism modeling and identification modeling was used. A semi-empirical model of output voltage and output power is established according to the actual situation of the stack. According to the working principle of the fuel cell system, the mechanism model of the fuel cell air supply system and hydrogen supply system is established,and the simulation analysis is in Matlab/Simulink. The model can effectively reflect the static and dynamic changes of key parameters such as the operating pressure of the stack, the stack temperature, the working pressure difference between the anode and the cathode, and the excess oxygen ratio. The relationship curves of output voltage and output power with load current under different working conditions were drawn. From the graph, the effect of the changes of different parameters on the operation of the fuel cell is obtained.