广州市森林景观格局时空变化的研究

以TM影像和野外调查为数据源，3S为技术手段，对1985年以来广州市森林空间格局进行动态分析和综合研究。结果表明：在1985—2004年间，森林景观斑块数量增加，平均斑块面积减小，景观结构破碎化整体上有增加的趋势，主要表现为多样性指数、分维数增大，聚集度、均匀度减小，在空间和类型上局部变化不同于整体的表现；自然地理条件、人口增长、政府政策是导致景观格局变化及其区域差异的主要驱动力；随着城市扩展、农田开发等人类干扰的不断增加，森林景观生态环境保护与经济开发之间的矛盾将愈发突出。

Spatial-temporal Changes of Forest Landscape Patterns in Guangzhou

Based on 3S technique, survey and statistic analysis, this paper takes forest landscape pattern changes in Guangzhou City as a case study. Guangzhou is the Rapid Urbanization zone in China, as well as constructed city with holistic planning. In this paper, the relationship between the process of a typical rapid urbanization and landscape temporal and spatial pattern during 1985 -2004 was studied. The results showed that landscape structure complexity, diversity and fragmentation in Guangzhou gradually increased from 1985 to 2004. The indices of contagion and evenness were decreased. The anthropogenic disturbances at that time were the main reasons of inducing the significant changes of forest landscape patterns. The conflict between environment protection and economy development will be more severe with frequent anthropogenic disturbances.