黄河三角洲底栖动物群落分布及与环境的关系

以水生食物网中地位关键的大型底栖无脊椎动物为研究对象，于2018年8月在黄河口、大汶流管理站的淡水补给区（HR、DR）、潮汐区（HT、DT）和黄河故道及现行黄河区域（YR）设立28个水文节点进行定量采集，获取生物样本1 908个，共3门6纲18目38科，共计48个分类单元，以节肢动物（58.33%）为优势门类，丰度和生物量呈现潮汐区多于淡水补给区，区域各样地湿地的群落结构差异显著．基于环境因子和群落组成的样地等级聚类分析发现，3个生境类型与3个群落类型虽有重叠（重合度分别为44.44%，0%，53.33%）但不完全吻合．进一步冗余分析发现pH和电导率（EC）分别与中华蜾蠃蜚（Corophium sinense）、秀丽白虾（Palaemon modestus）、光滑河蓝蛤（Potamocorbula laevis）等优势种的分布呈显著相关．证明黄河三角洲底栖动物群落分布呈现较大的空间异质性，环境物种变异系数高达80%以上，部分水文节点的底栖动物资源需要进行优先恢复． 

Macro benthos community distribution in the Yellow River Delta and correlation with environment

Biodiversity conservation in the Yellow River Delta Wetland was examined, as exemplified by macro benthos which is at a crucial position in the aquatic food web．Twenty eight hydrological nodes were collected from fresh water recovery zone (HR, DR), tidal zone (HT, DT), old and current channel of Yellow River (YR) in the Yellow River estuary and Dawenliu Station in August 2018, with a total of 1908 samples．In total 3 phyla, 6 classes, 18 orders, 38 families and 48 taxa were found, with dominant taxa Arthropoda accounting for 58.33% of all．Abundance and biomass distribution revealed a larger population in tidal zones than recovery zones, the community structure showed significant differences in five zones．Cluster analysis with environmental factors and community structure revealed overlaps between three habitat types and three community types at 44.44%, 0%, 53.33% respectively．Environmental factors pH and EC were significantly correlated with distribution of dominant species Corophium sinense, Palaemon modestus and Potamocorbula laevis．Distribution of macro benthos community in the Yellow River Delta showed great spatial heterogeneity, coefficient of variation of environmental species was over 80%, macro benthos resources in some hydrological nodes may need to be restored urgently．