黄河三角洲湿地植物根区优先流区和基质流区土壤特性分布差异

以黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区典型湿地植物盐地碱蓬根区土壤为研究对象，结合野外染色示踪实验和室内土壤性质测量实验，分析优先流区和基质流区土壤特性的分布差异，加深对湿地生态系统优先流对土壤影响的理解，对恢复湿地植被具有指导意义．结果表明:1）土壤有机碳、有机质、全氮和有效磷质量分数随着土壤深度的增加逐渐减小，土壤水质量分数随着土壤深度的增加先减小后增加，土壤全磷质量分数随土壤深度变化幅度较小．2）优先流区土壤有机碳、有机质、全氮和有效磷质量分数显著高于基质流区，两区土壤全磷质量分数不存在显著性差异．土壤深度为0~20 cm，优先流区土壤水质量分数高于基质流区；土壤深度>20~60 cm，基质流区土壤水质量分数高于优先流区，但差异均不显著．3）优先流区土壤有机碳、有机质、全氮和有效磷呈显著正相关，基质流区土壤有机碳、有机质和有效磷呈显著正相关． 

Differences in soil characteristics between preferential and matrix flow areas in wetland plants root zone in the Yellow River Delta

Suaeda salsa, a typical wetland plant in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, was studied．Field dye tracing and laboratory soil property monitoring were used to understand soil effect of preferential flow, providing practical quidance for wetland vegetation restoration．Contents of soil organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were found to decrease gradually with increasing soil depth, soil water content decreased initially and then increased with increasing soil depth．Any changes in soil total phosphorus content with increasing soil depth were found to be small．The contents of soil organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus in preferential flow area were found significantly higher than in matrix flow area, but no significant difference in total phosphorus content was found between the two areas．Soil water content in preferential flow area was found to be higher than in matrix flow area at soil depth of 0-20 cm; soil water content in the matrix flow area was higher than in preferential flow area at soil depth of 20-60 cm, but all without statistical significance．Soil organic carbon, organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were found to be significantly positively correlated in preferential flow area．Soil organic carbon, organic matter, and available phosphorus were also found to be positively correlated significantly in the matrix flow area．