基于葡萄糖氧化酶的纳米反应器的构建和应用

蛋白酶在调节和维持生命系统的正常功能方面发挥着重要作用，因而被广泛应用于疾病的诊断和治疗.裸露的天然蛋白酶具有易失活、变性、无法直接进入细胞等缺点，极大地限制了其应用和发展.因此，构建高效、安全、可运输蛋白酶进细胞的纳米载体是一个迫切需要解决的问题.以葡萄糖氧化酶（GOx）为结构模板，合成了纳米级的沸石型金属-有机框架材料，构建了一种基于GOx的纳米反应器.该纳米反应器的蛋白负载量较高，而且可以很好地保存蛋白酶活性，发挥催化作用.细胞学实验结果证明：该纳米反应器可以有效进入肿瘤细胞，并定位在溶酶体处，消耗细胞内的葡萄糖，并产生过氧化氢（H₂O₂），从而导致癌细胞的死亡.构建的纳米反应器为功能蛋白质的细胞内递送提供了一个新的安全、高效的平台.

Construction and application of GOx-based nanoreactor

Proteases play an important role in regulating and maintaining the normal function of the living organisms, and are widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. However, the natural protease is easily deactivated, denatured, and unable to enter cells directly, which greatly limit its application and development. Therefore, it is urgent to construct efficient, safe nanocarriers that can deliver protease into cells. In the present work, a glucose oxidase (GOx)-based nanoreactor was constructed by synthesizing metal-organic zeolite-like nanoparticles with GOx as structural template. The nanoreactor has a high protein loading capacity, and can preserve the catalytic activity of GOx. Cytological experiments indicated that the nanoreactor can effectively enter tumor cells and locate in the lysosomes, consume intracellular glucose, and produce hydrogen peroxide, thus leading to the death of cancer cells. The nanoreactor constructed in this work represents a new safe and efficient platform for intracellular protein delivery.