资源型地区产业结构调整对水资源利用效率影响的实证分析——来自中国10个资源型省份的经验证据

以2003—2017年山东、山西、内蒙古、四川、新疆、黑龙江、重庆、贵州、陕西和甘肃10个资源型省（直辖市、自治区）作为样本，深入研究资源型地区产业结构调整对水资源利用效率的影响．结果表明:资源型地区水资源利用总体处于DEA无效率状态，且呈现显著的空间非均衡性，总体表现为东高西低；资源型地区第一、二、三产业结构变动系数与水资源利用效率的关联度分别为0.535、0.806和0.849，产业结构调整与水资源利用效率息息相关，二者存在一定的耦合联动关系；研究期内，资源型地区产业结构调整对水资源利用效率没有产生相应的提升作用，原因在于第一、三产业产值占比对水资源利用效率均具有显著的负向作用，改变农业粗放用水方式、优化第三产业用水结构，是促进资源型地区经济增长与水资源利用协调发展的关键；城镇化率与资源型地区水资源利用效率显著正相关，城镇化进程加快是提高资源型地区水资源利用效率的重要驱动力．基于上述实证分析结果，提升资源型地区水资源利用效率应在保障粮食安全的前提下，严格控制第一产业用水，重点优化第三产业用水结构，积极推进城镇化建设，并合理配置财政科学技术支出，强化绿色技术创新的支撑作用． 

Empirical analysis on the influence of industrial structure adjustment on water resource utilization efficiency in resource-based regions:empirical evidence from 10 resource-based provinces in China

Shandong, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, Chongqing, Guizhou, Shaanxi and Gansu were selected to study the impact of industrial restructuring on water resource utilization efficiency in resource-based regions from 2003 to 2017．Water resource utilization in resource-based areas was found to be generally in the DEA inefficient state and presents significant spatial non-equilibrium, generally being higher in the east and lower in the west．Correlation degree between change coefficients in the first, second and third industrial structure towards water resource utilization efficiency was found to be 0.535, 0.806 and 0.849 respectively．Adjustment of industrial structure was found closely related to utilization efficiency of water resources．Adjustment of industrial structure in resource-based areas was found to have no effect on overall efficiency of water resources utilization．Ratio of output value in the first and third industries to water resource utilization efficiency was found to have significant negative effect．Coordinated development of economic growth and water resources utilization in resource-based areas should be promoted to change the mode of agricultural extensive discharge, to optimize water structure of the tertiary industry．The urbanization rate has been found to be significantly positively correlated with utilization efficiency of water resources．Accelerated urbanization has been found to be an important driving force to improve utilization efficiency of water resources．The above empirical analysis indicates that, to improve efficiency of water resources utilization, it is necessary to control strictly water use in primary industry, to optimizate water use structure in the tertiary industry．Urbanization construction must be actively promoted, expenditure of fiscal science and technology should be reasonably allocated．Supporting role of green technology innovation on the premise of ensuring food security must be strengthened．