有限长直线电荷等电势线和电力线的求解与描绘

采用积分换元法与计算技术工具软件Mathematica 5.0相结合,利用电力线与等势线正交的性质对有限长直线电荷周围空间的电势函数及电力线函数进行了统一描述,严格地求出了电势函数和电力线函数,作出了相应的相互正交的等势线簇图形和电力线簇图形,并且进行了必要的讨论。

Solution and Representation of the Equipotential Lines and Power Lines in the System of an Finite Line Charge

The uniform representation of the potential function and power line function in the system of an finite line charge is obtained.In real life and production,mankind physically comes in contact with electric conductor is impossibly infinite long.Being limited long,as long as the length of electric conductor to be far larger than its width,it can be simplified in limited length of the line electric charge model being carried on a research.As a result,the textual research has important theories meaning and physically applies value.There is a few teaching materials and reference materials in study of the equipotential lines and power lines in the system of an finite line charge.According to the characteristics that the equipotential line and the power line are orthogonal each other.By means of combination of integral-transform method and software package facility of Mathematica 5.0,we have obtained the exact solution of electrical potential functions and power line functions in the system of an finite line charge and plotted the relative equipotential line maps and power line maps.Meanwhile,we have made the necessary discussions.