基于GIS的内蒙古中部区域洪水灾害风险评价

本文综合考虑自然以及社会的作用,从洪水危险性和社会易损性两个角度出发,选取地理高程、人口密度、人均GDP和历史灾情数据为指标,采用快易的叠加分析法对研究区(内蒙古中部)进行区域洪水灾害风险评价,实现了各种指标定性与定量的组合,得出研究区洪水灾害风险评价图.结果表明,研究区南部靠近黄河的河套平原地区,由于地势较为平缓、靠近河流、经济发达,洪水灾害风险较大.在研究区北部,由于经济不发达,人口较少,洪水灾害风险较小.与实际基本相符.

GIS-BASED RISK ASSESSMENT OF FLOOD DISASTER IN THE MIDDLE PART OF INNER MONGOLIA

The area flood disaster assessment is a very important part of flood disaster assessment and management.By taking into consideration natural and social factors,DEM,population density,average per capita GDP and historical disaster data are selected as indicators,and making use of fast factors superposition method to evaluate the risk of flood disaster in the middle part of Inner Mongolia,the indicator that combines quality and quantity is obtained,finally the chart of risk assessment of flood disaster is attained.From the result,a conclusion can be drawn that,the risk in the south of the study area is serious because of its flat terrain,flourishing economy and approaching to rivers,and the risk in the north of the study area is less serious because of low population density and undeveloped economy.At last the conclusion is consistent with the facts of flood disaster occurred in the middle part of Inner Mongolia.