含油污水滤床过滤性能试验研究

在油田污水处理系统中，过滤装置性能的好坏对整个污水处理工艺的效果有直接影响。对含油污水滤床过滤特性进行了试验研究，考察了滤料种类以及滤速等因素对污水过滤效果和压降的影响。研究结果表明，在石英砂、无烟煤和核桃壳3种滤料中，核桃壳对污水中原油的过滤效果较好，核桃壳和石英砂对污水中固体悬浮物的过滤效果较好；颗粒粒径较大的无烟煤滤层压降较小，核桃壳和石英砂滤层压降较大。不管何种滤料，污水在滤层中的压降随滤速的增加均单调增加。对污水中原油的去除效果来说，无烟煤和核桃壳随滤速的增加过滤效果变差，但对于石英砂滤料，在试验滤速范围内随着滤速的增加，污水的过滤效果却变好。

Experimental study on performance of filter bed in depth filtration of waste water containing oil

Performance of the filter plays an important role in waste water treatment system of oil field. The characteristics of depth filtration were experimentally studied using waste water containing oil from Shengli Oilfidd. The study includes influences of filtration media kind and filtration velocity on filtration quality and pressure drop. The results show that the oil capture ability of walnut shell is better, the capture ability of suspended solid of walnut shell and silica sand is better, the pressure drop of anthracite is lower, and the pressure drop of walnut shell and silica sand is higher. The pressure drop increases with the increase of filtration velocity, no matter which filtration media. The oil capture ability of anthracite and walnut shell changes worse with the increase of filtration velocity under the experimental conditions. By contrast, the oil capture ability of silica sand changes better.