巩义煤矿区周边土壤重金属积累特征研究

测定了巩义某煤矿区周边区域土壤中的重金属含量，并运用单因子污染指数、内梅罗综合指数及地质累计指数评价了该区域重金属污染特征。结果表明，该地土壤已出现多种重金属元素不同程度的累积，Cr，Ni，Cu，Zn，Cd，Pb和As的平均依次分别为59.9，32.23，31.46，99.29，0.32，113.14和8.23 mg/kg。单因子污染指数表明，7种元素单因子污染指数分别为0.95，1.18，1.57，1.59，1.60，5.07和0.84，Pb属重度污染，Ni，Cu，Zn和Cd属轻污染，As，Cr属安全水平。内梅罗综合指数指出，该区域土壤均存在不同程度的重金属污染，84%的采样点处于重污染水平。地质累计指数表明，该区域Pb平均级别属偏中污染，Zn，Cu平均级别均属轻污染，Cd，Ni，Cr和As元素平均级别均属无污染。

Characteristics of Heavy Metal Accumulation in the Soil Surrounding Gongyi Coal Mine

The heavy metal contents of the soil surrounding Gongyi coal mine were measured. The single-factor pollution index, Nemerow comprehensive index and Geoacumulation index method were used to evaluate the pollution characteristics on the basis of the results. The results showed that varying degrees of accumulation in the heavy metals occurred in soils of the area. The average contents of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and As in the soil were 59.9, 32.23, 31.46, 99.29, 0.32, 113.14 and 8.23 mg/kg, respectively. The Single-factor pollution indexes of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and As were 0.95, 1.18, 1.57, 1.59, 1.60, 5.07, 0.84. It indicated that Pb caused serious pollution, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd caused light pollution, and As and Cr didn''t cause pollution in the soil of the area. The Nemerow pollution indexes indicated that heavy metal pollution with different levels existed in all the soil. 84% of the samples were heavily polluted. The Geoacumulation indexes indicated that Pb caused partial pollution, Zn and Cu caused light pollution, Cd, Ni, Cr and As didn''t cause pollution.