旅游业驱动下的林区乡村地域景观演化与重构

城市化快速发展产生的现代化驱动力与旅游业发展表征的流动性力量对林区乡村地域景观产生了深远影响.以天柱山核心景区为案例地，重点研究受旅游业发展影响较大的三个村落，通过借鉴国内外地域景观的概念及分类理论框架，构建多维度乡村地域景观分类指标体系，运用ArcGIS空间分析、质性研究等方法，剖析旅游业驱动下的林区乡村地域景观的演化特征，结论如下：1) 天柱山核心景区土地利用类型产生较大变化，2000—2020年间，建设用地由零星点状集聚成片，且片状面积逐年递增.2) 人工景观变迁以乡土建筑与聚落形态为主，呈现由分散向集聚变迁的态势，居民点多沿交通廊道呈带状分布，建筑风格承袭传统皖南流派.3) 乡土文化、节庆活动、语言政策等非物质景观顺应文旅融合时代要求，经历了从破碎化、边缘化向旅游场域中心迈进的过程，居民身份认同与地方认同也因此得以提升.林区乡村地域景观是“三生”空间、农耕文明与村落文脉的承载，在林区乡村旅游业高质量发展格局中发挥着重要作用.据此，研究提出保护乡土文化，传承地方特色；加强产业合作，彰显人文魅力；顺应时代要求，创新发展路径的林区乡村地域景观重构策略，以期为林区乡村旅游业高质量与可持续发展提供有益参考.

Evolution and reconstruction of forest rural landscape driven by tourism

The modernization driving force generated by the rapid development of urbanization and the mobility force represented by the development of the tourism have a profound impact on the forest rural landscapes. In this article， the core scenic area of Tianzhu Mountain is taken as a case site. Focusing on the three villages that are greatly affected by the development of tourism， a multi-dimensional rural landscape classification index system is established by drawing on the concept of regional landscape and classification theory at home and abroad. Using ArcGIS spatial analysis， qualitative research and other methods， the evolution characteristics of forest rural landscapes driven by tourism are analyzed. The conclusions are as follows. 1) The land use pattern of the core scenic area of Tianzhu Mountain has undergone major changes. Between 2000 and 2020， the area of construction land increased from scattered dots gather into flakes， and the flake area was increasing year by year. 2) The artificial landscape changes are dominated by rural architecture and settlement patterns， showing a trend of shifting from dispersion to agglomeration. Residential areas are mostly distributed along the traffic corridors in a strip shape， and the architectural style follows the traditional Southern Anhui school. 3) Intangible landscapes such as local culture， festivals， and language policies conform to the requirements of the era of cultural and tourism integration， and have gone through the process of fragmentation and marginalization to the center of the tourism field. Resident identity and local identity have also been improved. The rural landscape in the forest area is the carrier of the three-life space， farming civilization， and village context. It plays an important role in the high-quality development pattern of rural tourism in the forest area. The forest rural landscape reconstruction strategies are proposed in order to provide a useful reference for the high-quality and sustainable development of forest rural tourism protecting the local culture and inheriting local characteristics； strengthening the industry cooperation and highlighting the charm of humanities； conforming to the requirements of the times and innovating development pattern.