缝洞型油藏强边、底水窜进油井特征及机理研究

塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏部分高产油井具有油井不见水则稳产，一旦见水则暴性水淹、产量呈快速递减
的典型特征，且高产井的水淹对区块稳产的影响重大。针对这一现象，通过水淹高产井生产动态的分析找出了水淹前
的异常信号，并利用井筒节点分析方法和流体力学软件开展了强边、底水窜进机理研究，论证了水淹前异常信号的正
确性。研究得出：强边、底水缝洞单元能量接替可分为纯弹性驱，弹性驱向水驱过渡，纯边、底水驱3 个明显阶段；自
喷井的油压和产量异常波动特征是强边、底水突破井底附近的重要信号；在此基础上，提出了高产井见水风险预警分
阶段控制方法，并在矿场取得较好的运用效果。通过高产井水淹前异常信号的分析，为油田高产井管理和油井实施见
水风险预警提供了依据。

Characteristic and Mechanism Research of Water Flooding of Strong Edge Bottom Aquifer Fractured-vuggy Reservoir

The carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir in part of the high productivity wells of Tahe Oilfield have the typical
characteristic：when the water cut is zero，oil production remains stable. Once the water cut is not zero，it will rise dramatically，
and oil production will drop fast. Therefore，the water cut of high production wells will influence the oilfield’s production. By
analyzing the production performance of the high production wells with water cut，we found out the signal of water flooding.
And by using the well node analysis method and the fluid mechanics software，we launched a strong edge，bottom water coning
mechanism research and demonstrated the signal before the water flooding. The research comes to the conclusion that the energy
replacement of strong edge or bottom water in fracture cave unit can be divided into three obvious stages：pure elastic drive
transaction of the elastic displacement to water flooding，pure edge bottom water drive. The oil pressure and the production
fluctuation was the important signals of strong edge bottom water flooding and can accurately predict the bottom-water coning
stage. On this basis，we suggested water flood risk warning and control method at the three stages. The analysis of the signals
of high production wells before water flood can be the basis of high production well management and water flood risk warning.