广州新一代双偏振天气雷达的性能测量和分析

随着我国双偏振雷达的布网以及投入业务运行的数量增多,对双偏振雷达的稳定性要求也越来越高,因此对双偏振雷达进行业务评估,可为未来我国双偏振雷达的实时业务化标定以及双偏振雷达的升级提供参考。本研究从广州新一代双偏振天气雷达(以下简称广州雷达)的机内标定长期稳定性、全链路标定一致性、接收链路一致性以及旋转关节对接收链路一致性4个方面开展评估。测量和分析结果表明,广州雷达接收通道标定的差分相移值、机内峰值功率波动和相位噪声范围偶有超标情况,其余参数均达到性能指标要求。根据连续大半年的运行监测来看,广州雷达整体运行比较稳定,尤其是最关键的机内双通道差分反射率一致性较好。整个接收链路两个通道的差异波动较小,状态比较稳定,满足国内双偏振雷达指标要求。此外,双偏振的相位噪声和接收机动态性能较单偏振都提高不少。

Performance Measurement and Analysis of New Generation Dual Polarization Weather Radar in Guangzhou

With the increase in the number of dual-polarization radars deployed and put into operation in China, the stability requirements for dual-polarization radars are becoming higher and higher. Therefore, the business evaluation of dual-polarization radars is conducted to provide reference for the real-time operational calibration of dual-polarization radars and the upgrade of dual-polarization radars in China in the future. The long-term stability of the internal calibration, the consistency of the whole link calibration, the consistency of the receiving link, and the consistency of the rotary joint to the receiving link of Guangzhou new-generation dual-polarization weather radar were evaluated. Through measurement and analysis, it is shown that the difference phase shift, the peak power fluctuation and the phase noise range of the receiving channel calibration of Guangzhou Radar occasionally exceed the standard, and the other parameters meet the performance index requirements. According to the continuous operation monitoring for more than half a year, the overall operation is relatively stable, especially the most critical consistency of the internal dual-channel differential reflectance. The difference fluctuation between the two channels of the whole receiving link is small and the state is relatively stable, and the parameters meet the requirements of domestic dual-polarization radar index. In addition, the phase noise and receiver dynamic performance of dual-polarization are much better than that of single polarization.