基于有限元法的人体座椅系统随机响应分析

基于人体解剖测量学和人体运动学建立了包括人体骨骼、肌肉、皮肤、坐垫、靠背和头枕的驾驶姿势的人体座椅系统三维有限元模型.通过人体座椅系统在重力作用下的静态分析,提供动态分析的人体驾驶姿势初始边界条件.通过频率提取分析确保随机响应分析所需足够数量的模态.通过计算腰椎到坐垫表面在垂直方向的传递函数验证了模型.最后分析了在座椅底部垂直方向0~20 Hz的白噪声激励下人体腰椎间盘的加速度和应力响应,得出由于座椅的耦合作用使得腰椎间盘响应峰值频率低于其固有频率.该方法可以代替实验研究其他方案的人体座椅系统动态响应问题.

Random Response Analysis of Human Body-Seat System Based on the Finite Element Method

The 3D finite element model of human body-seat system with driving postures including human skeleton， muscle， skin， seat， backrest and headrest was created based on the human anatomical anthropometry and the kinematics of human body. The initial boundary condition of driving postures of human body for dynamic analysis was provided by the static analysis of human body-seat system under the action of gravity. A sufficient number of modals for random response analysis were provided with the frequency extraction analysis. The model was validated by calculating the transfer function of lumbar disc to seat surface. Finally， the acceleration and stress response of lumbar disc under the action of white noise excitation of 0~20Hz on the seat bottom in the vertical direction were calculated， whose results showed that the peak response frequency of lumbar disc is less than its natural frequency as a result of seat coupling effect. The method can be used to replace experiments to research the response of human body-seat systems with different schemes.