基于岩石细观损伤机制的岩爆机理研究

岩爆是采矿诱发的地震现象，是矿井自然灾害之一。岩爆发生条件与岩石的力学性能有关。岩体中微裂纹的形成、扩展和汇合对岩体的力学性能产生显著影响，可以导致材料的逐渐劣化直至破坏。对于三轴压缩的岩石试件，当侧向应力为拉应力或很小时，其破坏形式主要是徽裂纹的摩擦滑移、自相似平面扩展和弯折扩展。本文基于岩石细观损伤机制，在本构关系中引入损伤效应函数，用于分析圆形洞室的岩爆现象，得到了岩爆发生的临界损伤范围和临界载荷的解析式。结果表明临界损伤范围取决于弹性模量与降模量之比；临界载荷与峰值强度及内摩擦角有关。

Study of rockburst mechanism based on rock microscopic damage

Rockburst is a seismic phenomenon induced by mining and a natural calamity. Its condition is related to the mechanical properties of rock. The micro-cracks in rock mass are formed, expand and converge which can have remarkable influence on the mechanical properties of rock. It may bring about material inferiority and failure. For samples at three-axial compression test, its failure forms include friction slippage, self-analogue plane expands and crankle expands of micro-cracks when the lateral stress is tensile stress or smaller value. Based on rock micro-damaged mechanism, the rockburst of circular cavern is analyzed in this paper. The expressions of critical damage size and critical load are put forward. The result shows the critical damage size rest with the ratio of elastic modulus and soften modulus, and critical loads is connected with the strength and angle of internal friction.