高熵合金的摩擦学性能研究进展

摩擦学是研究摩擦、磨损和润滑的学科，对结构材料的服役性能有很大影响。正因如此，学者除了不断探索具有优异力学性能的结构材料外，也不断寻求具备高耐磨性能的金属材料。在摩擦学领域，传统的金属材料已经发展成熟，新型耐磨材料亟待开发。近年来，新兴的高熵合金表现出优异的硬度、抗氧化性、抗软化能力，在很大程度上丰富了现有的耐磨合金体系，在未来的新型耐磨材料领域有很大的应用前景。为了系统地剖析高熵合金的摩擦学行为，本文首先介绍了单相、双相和多相高熵合金以及与高熵合金有关的复合材料在室温下的摩擦学特性，进而总结了改善高熵合金耐磨性能的方法。此外，本文还讨论了高熵合金在高温下的耐磨性能，并对其作为耐磨合金的应用与发展作了展望。

Tribological properties of high-entropy alloys: A review

Tribology, which is the study of friction, wear, and lubrication, largely deals with the service performance of structural materials. For example, newly emerging high-entropy alloys (HEAs), which exhibit excellent hardness, anti-oxidation, anti-softening ability, and other properties, enrich the wear-resistance alloy family. To demonstrate the tribological behavior of HEAs systematically, this review first describes the basic tribological characteristics of single-, dual-, and multi-phase HEAs and HEA composites at room temperature. Then, it summarizes the strategies that improve the tribological property of HEAs. This review also discusses the tribological performance at elevated temperatures and provides a brief perspective on the future development of HEAs for tribological applications.