北运河水系大型底栖动物摄食功能群多样性及时空分布特征

目的为分析北运河水系不同季节大型底栖动物的时空分布特征,2015年春季(5月)、夏季(8月)和秋季(11月)对北京地区相同的17个采样点位的大型底栖动物群落结构和水环境因子特征进行了调查.方法基于香浓维纳指数、均匀度指数、大型底栖动物功能摄食类群的划分以及典范对应分析等方法,分析了大型底栖动物功能摄食类群组成和空间结构特征.结果春季、夏季和秋季采集到大型底栖动物19、20和21种,密度平均值为1.79×103、1.14×103和0.63×103 ind·m-2;香浓维纳指数平均值分别为1.01、1.30和1.80;均匀度指数平均值分别为0.36、0.32和0.55.全地区共划分出大型底栖动物功能摄食类群5类,3个季节中滤食者和收集者密度均占绝对优势.典范对应分析表明,春季影响北运河水系大型底栖动物功能摄食类群的主要环境因子是氨氮和pH;夏季影响北运河水系大型底栖动物功能摄食类群的主要环境因子是氨氮;秋季影响北运河水系大型底栖动物功能摄食类群的主要环境因子是水温.结论北运河水系水体受到了一定污染.

Diversity and temporal-spatial dynamics of macroinvertebrate functional feeding group in North Canal in Beijing

Aims To know the community structure characteristics of macroinvertebrate,in spring(May),summer(Aguest)and autumn(November)of 2015,17 sampling sites of North Canal was investigated.Methods the objective of the study was to show the relationship between the community structure of phytoplankton and the associated environmental factors,based on Shannon-Wiener index,Pielou index,classification of macroinvertebrate functional feeding groupand Canonical correspondence analysis and other methods in North Canal.Results The average values of macroinvertebratenumber,densities,Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index ranged from 19 to 21,0.63×10~3 ind·m-2 to 1.79×10~3 ind·m-2,from 1.01 to 1.80,from 0.32 to 0.55 from spring to autumn,respectively.Overall,we categorized these taxa into following five functional groups,Gather-collectors and Filter-collectors are main species.Canonical correspondence analysis results showed that macroinvertebrate community structure was largely determined by the interactions between pH and NH3-Nin spring in North Canal.NH3-Nwas themain environmental factors limitation of macroinvertebrate community structure in summer in North Canal.Inautumn,the primarily environmental factors limiting macroinvertebrate community was Tin North Canal.Conclusion The water of North Canal was in a state of pollution.