山西霍山森林群落主要种生态位的研究

将山西霍山每50m海拔段作为一个样方调查区,作四个100m~2的样方。从山蔍海拔900m到山顶2354m,共作样方52个。将海拔作为一条反映水、热、土壤等环境因子的综合资源轴,将群落类型作为反映种群互惠、竞争关系的另一综合资源轴。选择该区12种乔木,15种灌木,计测其在两条轴上的资源选择性系数(L)生态位宽度(B),和乔木之间,灌木之间以及乔灌木之间的生态重叠值(O)。结果表明L值愈小,B值愈大,物种的资源利用能力愈强,生态幅度愈大,对某一资源的依赖性愈小,反之亦然。比较同一资源轴上的不同的L值和B值,可反映物种的优势程度和区分能力。相同生活型种间的重叠值既可作为反映种间生态学相似性的指标。也可作为判断种间有无竞争可能的参考。不同生活型种间重叠值的的大小则可作为判断种间依存和相似程度的指标。

The Study of Niche on Main Spegie of Forest Gommunity in Shanxi Huoshan MT

52 releaves were done every fifty metre eare in shanxi Huoshan MT. The altitude was regarded as a Resource Axis for the response to a synthetical environmental factor including water,heat, soil and soon. The community--type was another Resource Axis for the response to the relation between the mutualism and competition. The patchness index(L), niche breadth(B) and niche overlap(O) on two axises were calcu- lated among 12 tree and 15 scrub species. The results show that the little Lis, the bigger B is the strongerr the capability of resource using is;the bigger the ecological valence, the samller the dependence to any a resource is. Moreover, the dominance and ability of secernment can showed by compar- ing L with B in different species on same resource axis.