The draft genome of the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis |
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Authors: | Mitreva Makedonka Jasmer Douglas P Zarlenga Dante S Wang Zhengyuan Abubucker Sahar Martin John Taylor Christina M Yin Yong Fulton Lucinda Minx Pat Yang Shiaw-Pyng Warren Wesley C Fulton Robert S Bhonagiri Veena Zhang Xu Hallsworth-Pepin Kym Clifton Sandra W McCarter James P Appleton Judith Mardis Elaine R Wilson Richard K |
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Institution: | The Genome Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. mmitreva@genome.wustl.edu |
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Abstract: | Genome evolution studies for the phylum Nematoda have been limited by focusing on comparisons involving Caenorhabditis elegans. We report a draft genome sequence of Trichinella spiralis, a food-borne zoonotic parasite, which is the most common cause of human trichinellosis. This parasitic nematode is an extant member of a clade that diverged early in the evolution of the phylum, enabling identification of archetypical genes and molecular signatures exclusive to nematodes. We sequenced the 64-Mb nuclear genome, which is estimated to contain 15,808 protein-coding genes, at ~35-fold coverage using whole-genome shotgun and hierarchal map-assisted sequencing. Comparative genome analyses support intrachromosomal rearrangements across the phylum, disproportionate numbers of protein family deaths over births in parasitic compared to a non-parasitic nematode and a preponderance of gene-loss and -gain events in nematodes relative to Drosophila melanogaster. This genome sequence and the identified pan-phylum characteristics will contribute to genome evolution studies of Nematoda as well as strategies to combat global parasites of humans, food animals and crops. |
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