贵州采煤塌陷引发的地质灾害及塌陷区的类型

贵州省因采煤塌陷引发的矿山地质灾害主要表现为地裂缝、滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等,其发育程度和影响程度在不同采煤塌陷区差异较大。采煤塌陷区可划分为六盘水复合型塌陷区、贵-毕中度塌陷区及黔东轻微塌陷区等三种类型。其中,第一种类型煤矿采空区地表沉陷变形最明显,易引发次生地质灾害,危害性最大;第二种类型采空区地表沉陷变形较明显,引发次生地质灾害的可能性和危害程度较前者小;第三种类型采空区地表沉陷变形不明显,塌陷危害较小。

Geological Hazards of Coal-Mining Subsidence and Types of Subsidence Area in Guizhou

Geological hazards of mines caused by coal-mining subsidence in Guizhou mainly include ground fissure, landslide, collapse and debris flow. At the same time, those geologic environment problems differ greatly in the de-gree of developing and influencing in different areas of coal-mining subsidence. The coal-mining subsidence area could be divided into three types, namely, Liupanshui mixed subsidence area, Guiyang-Bijie moderate subsidence ar-ea and Eastern Guizhou slight subsidence area. Among these areas, surface subsidence deformation of the first one goal is the most obvious, which easily contributes to secondary geological disaster. So this area is the most deeply damaged. The second area~ surface subsidence deformation is the less obvious. Secondary geological hazards caused by mining subsidence are less possible and harmful than the former area. Surface subsidence deformation of the East-ern Guizhou slight subsidence area is not so obvious. Land collapse in this area seldom occurs.