温度对瓢虫柄腹姬小蜂实验种群的影响

为探明瓢虫柄腹姬小蜂适宜的寄生和繁殖温度范围,在实验条件下研究了不同温度(19～34℃)对瓢虫柄腹姬小蜂实验种群的影响.结果表明,随温度的升高,卵-成蜂羽化历期、雌蜂寿命、产卵历期和世代平均历期逐渐缩短,温度从19℃升至为34℃时,卵-成蜂羽化历期从19.31d缩短为9.86d,雌蜂寿命从20.8d缩短为3.3d,产卵历期从5.33d缩短为2.13d,世代平均历期从22.43d缩短为11.37d.在25℃下,每雌蜂寄生数、产子蜂数和产雌蜂数最多,分别为6.17,51.2,38.5头.在25℃下,每雌蜂每d产出雌性后代数最多.在25℃下,净增殖率R0、内禀增长率rm、周限增长率λ亦最大,分别为38.47,0.24,1.27.这些结果显示了适宜该蜂的寄生、繁殖温度在25～28℃之间.

Effects of Temperature on Experimental Population of Pediobius foveolatus

To determine the temperature range for parasitism and reproduction of Pediobius foveolatus(Crawford),effects of different temperature on population of P.foveolatus under the experimental condition were studied.The result showed: the egg-adult duration,longevity of female,oviposition period and mean generation time of P.foveolatus decreased and this decrease was associated with the increased temperature.From 19 ℃ to 34 ℃,the egg-adult duration was shortened from 19.31 d for 9.86 d.Longevity of female was shortened from 20.8 d for 3.3 d.Oviposition period was reduced from 5.33 d for 2.13 d.Mean generation time was decreased from 22.43 d for 11.37 d.The number of hosts parasitized with the number of offspring and the number of female in offspring reached their peaks at 25 ℃ and was 6.17,51.2,38.5,respectively.The mean female number of offspring/female/day reached peak at 25 ℃,the net reproductive rate(R0),intrinsic rate of natural increase(rm) and finite rate of increase(λ) reached maximum at 25 ℃ with 38.47,0.24,1.27,respectively.These results suggest that the optimal temperatures for parasitism and reproduction of P.foveolatus ranged from 25~28 ℃.