相山铀矿田山南矿区稀土元素特征及其地质意义

对相山铀矿田山南矿区围岩、矿石稀土元素地球化学特征进行了研究。矿区基底片岩∑REE平均值与火山岩系岩石∑REE平均值大致相当,自围岩、普通矿石到富矿石,∑REE不断增高。围岩稀土元素配分模式均呈轻稀土富集的右倾型,火山岩系岩石稀土元素配分模式彼此平行一致,火山岩系具同源性,是同一岩浆房脉动事件的产物。火山岩系围岩及矿石Eu亏损明显,结合稀土组分比值特征及岩、矿石轻、中、重稀土三角图解和LREE/HREE-(Eu/∑REE)×100图解特征,表明火山岩浆在通向地表途中受到高度分馏结晶作用,U及REE富集于岩浆期后热液,为铀成矿提供了物质基础,矿区火山岩系成岩事件与铀成矿事件均是受制于火山岩浆活动的地质事件。成矿流体富含F,Cl,CO2等挥发分,在还原环境下成矿物质卸载,成矿温度可能不大于250℃,富矿石成因更为复杂,可能经历了多期次成矿叠加。

REE Characteristics of Shannan Deposit District in Xiangshan Uranium Orefield and Its Geological Significance

REE geochemical characteristics of rock and ore are studied in Shannan deposit district of Xiangshan Uranium orefield. The mean values of ∑REE of both basement schist and volcanic rock are approximately equal. ∑REE gradually increases from rock,common ore to bonanza. REE distribution patterns of rocks are right declined type to light REE. REE distribution patterns of volcanic rock series are parallel and concordant, the volcanic rock series are homologous, and products of pulsating events of same magma chamber. Eu depletes remarkably in volcanic rock series and ores. On its way to surface, magma underwent high fractionation and crystallization, based on feature of REE component ratio, triangle diagram of light medium and heavy REE, and diagram of LREE/HREE-(Eu/∑REE)×100. U and REE enriched in hydrothermal solution of post-magmatism to provide substances for uranium metallogenesis. Both diagenesis of volcanic rock series and uranium metallogenesis in the mining district are constrained by volcano-magmatism. Metallogenic fluid is rich in volatiles, such as F, Cl, CO2 etc. Metallogenic substances are unloaded in reduction environment. Metallogenic temperature is probably less than 250 ℃. Genesis of bonanza is more complicated and likely superimposed by multi-metallogenesis.