铁路声屏障与轨边矮墙优化设计研究

声屏障的高昂成本往往是由不合理的设计参数造成的.基于铁路噪声预测模型和有限长声屏障设计方法,提出了声屏障优化设计方法.该方法以声屏障建造成本为目标函数,以降噪要求为声学约束,综合考虑设置位置、高度和长度等设计变量的影响.由列车噪声1/3倍频程频谱计算插入损失,通过修正车屏间反射作用,提高了优化过程中插入损失的计算精度.经过与目前设计方法比较,验证了优化方法在铁路声屏障和轻轨桥架声屏障设计中改善经济性能和降噪性能的优越性,并且对轨边矮墙的降噪特性进行了分析,讨论了设计参数对成本和降噪性能的影响.结论对声屏障和轨边矮墙设计参数与形状的选择具有指导意义.

Study on Optimization Design of Railway Noise Barrier and Trackside Low Barrier

High cost of noise barrier construction is generally led by improper design parameters. Based on the design method of finite noise barrier and the railway noise prediction model, an optimal design method is presented, in which cost of noise barrier is chosen as objective function, requirement of noise reduction chosen as acoustic constraints, and the effect of position, height and length involved. Insertion loss is calculated by each third-octave band of representative spectra and is corrected by the effects of reflection between coach and barrier. The availability of the optimal method in reducing the noise and improving the economic solution is proved through the comparison between the current methods and the optimal method, and then noise reduction characteristic of trackside low barrier is analyzed. In addition, the effects of design parameters on cost of noise barrier and noise reduction characteristic are discussed, and its results are instructive to the selection of the design parameters and shape of barrier.