夹竹桃、樟树灭螺活性成分的初步提取

采用正己烷做溶剂,提取夹竹桃、樟树叶的有效成分,研究了提取物的灭螺效果和对钉螺上爬的抑制作用.结果表明:2种植物提取物均具有较好的灭螺效果,夹竹桃叶的提取物在60 mg/L的浓度下,药后5d,钉螺的死亡率为100%,钉螺死亡率(y)和浓度的对数值(x)的量效关系为y=100.5x-109.79,死亡率(y)和时间(t)的时效关系为y=20t-7.32;樟树叶的提取物在400 mg/L的浓度下,药后5 d,钉螺的死亡率也达100%.其量效关系为y=47.8x-52.62,时效关系为y=24.01t-21.37.夹竹桃叶提取物的灭螺活性明显强于樟树叶的提取物,但对钉螺上爬的抑制作用不如樟树叶.

Extraction of the active components of Cinnamomum camphora and Nerium indicum against Oncomelania hupensis

The effective components of Nerium indicum and Cinnamomum camphora's leaves were extracted by hexane,and the killing and controlling effect about the extractions was studied.It showed that both of the plant extractions had mulluscicidal activity to some degree.Under the 60?mg/L of the Nerium indicum's extraction,the mortality rate of the snails Oncomelania hupensis was 100?%,the dose-effect of the mortality rate(y) and the logarithm figure of the concentration(x) was y=100.5x-109.79;while the time-effect of the mortality rate(y) and the estimated days(t) was y=20t-7.32.The killing effect of the Cinnamomum camphora's extraction reached 100?% when the concentration was 400?mg/L,the dose-effect and timeeffect of the Cinnamomum camphora were y=47.8x-52.62 and y=24.01t21.37,respectively.The extraction of the Nerium indicum's leaves expressed better effect than Cinnamomum camphora,while its effect to prevent the snails from climbing up was not as good as Cinnamomum camphora.