干热大气环境中涂层材料失效行为研究进展

 西部干热大气环境中,涂层材料的腐蚀磨损失效行为直接关系到各种机械、车辆等的使用寿命.西部沙漠干热大气环境的典型特点是昼夜温差大、紫外线辐射强度高、沙尘量大风速大等,这种恶劣的环境对涂层材料的耐蚀性提出更高的要求.本文根据西部地区典型气候特征,结合相关研究报道,主要介绍了近几年国内外学者对高温差、高辐照、高沙尘等恶劣自然环境对涂层材料的破坏作用的研究进展,并总结出3种环境条件下涂层材料的失效机制.高温差条件下,涂层材料的主要失效机制为涂层和基体膨胀系数改变、涂层组织结构改变,以及发生热腐蚀等;高辐照条件下涂层材料的主要失效机制为涂层材料分子吸收能量发生降解;高沙尘条件下涂层材料的主要失效机制为风沙切削挤压变形等.本文综述了干热大气环境下涂层材料的失效行为研究进展,以期为涂层材料在干热大气环境中的服役行为进一步研究提供数据支持.

Progress of Failure Behavior of Coatings in Hot and Dry Atmosphere Environment

In the western dry and hot atmosphere environment, the corrosion and abrasion behavior of coatings has a direct bearing on the service life of all kinds of machinery, vehicles and others. The western desert environment is characterized by the large temperature difference between day and night, the high UV strength, and the large amount of dust, which poses a high requirement with respect to the corrosion resistance of coatings. This paper reviews the research progress related with the corrosion and abrasion of coatings in bad natural environments of high temperature difference, high irradiation intensity and large quantities of dust. The following conclusions are drawn. In the high temperature difference environment, the failure is mainly due to the changes in the expansion coefficient and the structural changes of the coatings. In the high irradiation intensity environment, the failure is mainly due to the coating materials degradation because of their molecule absorption energy. In the dust environment, the failure is mainly due to the coating materials deformation under the actions of sand cutting and compression. This review may help the further research of the service behavior of coatings in dry and hot atmosphere environment.