从自然概念的变迁看环境伦理与生态伦理的差异

在现代性的伦理话语中,表面上将自然与环境作为同一个概念来使用,而实际上暗含着根本性的转折:从自然向环境的重心转移,反映了人对自然态度的变化,并预示着人与自然之间关系恶化的趋向。由是观之,环境伦理不过就是现代社会伦理的延展,尚未改变保护自然的伦理次序:把原有的基本社会道德规范加以推广,把生态平衡作为一种重要的工具价值加以重视,以为就此达到了环境伦理的目的。与此不同,生态伦理处理人与自然之间的道德关系,最终会对人的社会现实生活产生影响,触及人的根本利益。

The Difference between Environmental Ethics and Ecological Ethics from the View of the Change of Nature Concept

In the modern ethical discourse,nature and environment have been generally used as the same concept,but in fact there is a fundamental transition between them: the transform from nature to environment reflects the change of people’s attitude to the nature and indicates the worse relationship between man and nature.In this view,Environmental ethics is simply the extension of modern social ethics,but it does not change the ethical order of protecting nature: We value the ecological balance as an important tool and make the original Social basic ethics popular among people;by this way we think we have achieved the goals of environmental ethics.Furthermore ecological ethics mainly concerns with the Moral relationship between man and nature,which will eventually have profound effects on the social life and the fundamental interests of peoples.