上海师范大学奉贤校区内植物与鸟类共生关系探究

上海师范大学奉贤校区具有林地、水域、芦苇地、林水混合区等多种生境,其丰富的植被与鸟类是校园生态系统的重要组成因子.本研究通过样点法和样线法,统计到校内45种植物及42种鸟类,发现植物对鸟类具有取食果实、繁殖寄巢、停栖休息、遮挡隐蔽等功能,而鸟类对植物而言具有传播种子等作用,因此校园植物和鸟类存在多种共生关系,其中主要包括互利共生、偏性共生和无关共生等.调查结果还表明,多种生境中,林水混合生境具有更高的物种多样性.该研究发现的植物与鸟类的共生关系,为未来城市绿地服务于保护生物多样性的功能优化提供了科学依据.

Investigation of plant-bird symbiosis at Fengxian campus of Shanghai Normal University

The ecosystem of Fengxian campus of Shanghai Normal University is featured with various habitats such as woodland, lake, reed marshland, and mixed area of forest and lake, where plants and birds are important components. Using points- and lines-based sampling method, 45 plant species and 42 bird species were observed. Plants were found to provide foods, rest areas, and shelters for birds, while birds can spread seeds for plants. As a consequence, plants and birds establish multiple symbiotic relationships including both mutualism and commensalism. The investigation also shows a higher diversity of species in mixed environment of forest and lake compared with other habitats. Collectively, the symbiotic relationship of plants and birds revealed by this study provide the scientific evidence for functional optimization of future urban green land in protecting biodiversity.