部分节点引入相量测量的状态估计

基于GPS的相量测量装置(PMU)可以直接测得节点电压相量，包括电压有效值和相角，在状态估计一般模型的基础上，建立了部分节点电压相量可测时的状态估计模型，并针对不同的相角量测精度，采用不同的状态估计模型，PMU精度较低时，在增加量测量冗余度的同时，PMU所在节点的电压相量仍然作为状态变量参与迭代；PMU精度足够高时，直接将PMU的量测值作为状态估计的状态解，算例验证了方法的有效性和相量测量对状态估计的改善作用。

Study on state estimation with PMU equipped at partial nodes of power systems

GPS-based phasor measurement unit (PMU) can measure the voltage phasor directly, including the effective value and phase angle. In this paper, state estimation models are developed with PMU of different precision equipped at partial nodes. When the precision of PMU is low, with the increase of the redundance of measurement, the voltage phasor at the nodes equipped with PMU is iterated as the state variable. When the precision of PMU is high, the measured data obtained by PMU are taken as the state solution. The effectiveness of the method and the function of phasor measurement in improvement of state estimation are verified by examples.