海上小型核动力厂设计中若干安全问题

随着海洋建设的大力发展,海上核能利用逐渐成为核工程及船舶工程领域的前沿热点。作为兼有核电厂与核动力船舶特征的创新产物,海上小型核动力厂在设计中考虑的制约因素将更为复杂。为促进制定满足通用核安全要求的总体设计方案、逐步建立配套的安全设计准则,以现行核电厂设计安全规定及安全审评原则为参考,结合核动力船舶的设计规范要求,就监管部门重点关注的若干安全问题进行探讨,并提出针对性的见解。相关内容对于海上小型核动力厂的工程设计与安全评价具有一定的参考意义。

Discussion of Important Safety Issues in the Design of Small-sized Marine Nuclear Power Plants

With the vigorous development of marine construction, the utilization of nuclear energy at sea has become a frontier hot spot in the field of both nuclear engineering and ship engineering. As an innovative production of nuclear power plants(NPPs) and nuclear-powered ships(NSs), constraints to be considered in the design of small-sized marine NPPs will be more complex. In order to develop an overall design that meets the general nuclear safety requirements and establish a set of supporting design criteria, some safety issues which are concerned by the safety regulation body are discussed here. Based on present safety regulations and guides in the field of safety analysis safety review of NPPs, and considering the design specification of NSs, relevant suggestions are put forward consequently, which can be referenced to develop a small-sized marine NPPs as engineering project.