冠菌素对玉米节间伸长和产量性状的影响

 试验以常用玉米杂交种郑单958为材料,用0.001、0.01、0.1、1μmol/L冠菌素(COR)作处理,清水为对照,通过调查农艺性状、分析生理指标以及产量性状,研究COR对玉米节间伸长的影响.结果表明,随着COR处理浓度的增加,郑单958的株高、穗位高和节间长度均降低,0.01、0.1和1μmol/L COR处理的株高、穗位高以及第2-8节节间长度均低于对照,且差异达到显著或极显著水平.随着COR处理浓度的增加,伸长节间吲哚乙酸氧化酶(IAAO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和过氧化物酶(POD)的活性均升高,除0.001μmol/L COR处理外,0.01、0.1和1μmol/L COR处理的IAAO、PAL和POD酶活性均高于对照,且差异达到极显著水平.0.001和0.01μmol/L COR处理的穗长、行粒数、穗重、穗粒重和产量,与对照相比,均呈显著或极显著增加,且随着冠菌素浓度的增加,各性状均呈降低趋势,说明低浓度的COR能增加玉米的产量.综合来看,既能延缓节间伸长生长,又能增加产量的最适COR浓度为0.01μmol/L,因此作为一种玉米延缓剂,COR有较好的应用前景.

Effect of Coronatine on Internode Elongation and Yield Characters of Maize

Maize hybrid Zhengdan 958 was tested, with the treatment of 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1μmol/L coronatine (COR), and with water as control (CK). Agronomic traits, physiological indexes and yield characters were measured to study the effect of coronatine on internode elongations in maize. The results show that with the increase of the concentration of coronatine, the plant height, the ear height and the internode length are decreased. The plant height, the ear height and the internode length of the 2nd to 8th internodes with the treatment of 0.01, 0.1 and 1μmol/L COR are smaller than those of CK, and the differences are in a significant or highly significant level. With the increase of the concentration of coronatine, the activities of indole acetic acid oxidase (IAAO), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and peroxidase (POD) of the elongated internodes are significantly increased. Except for the 0.001μmol/L COR treatment, the enzymatic activities of IAAO, PAL and POD with the treatment of 0.01, 0.1 and 1μmol/L COR are higher than those of CK, and the differences are in a highly significant level. Compared with those of CK, the ear length, the kernels per row, the ear weight, the grain weight per ear and the yield with the treatment of 0.001 and 0.01μmol/L COR are significantly or highly significantly increased. With the increase of concentrations of coronatine, these traits see decreasing trends, which shows that low concentrations of coronatine would increase the maize production. On the whole, the optimal concentration of coronatine should be 0.01μmol/L, which could suppress the internode elongation and increase the production. Therefore, the coronatine has a good prospect to serve as a retardant in maize.