基于MOA模型的雪峰山区社区居民参与旅游扶贫机制

以贫困地区雪峰山区社区居民为研究对象，借鉴MOA（动机-机会-能力）模型从参与动机、参与机会和参与能力三方面构建社区参与旅游扶贫的影响因素模型，运用多重线性回归和结构方程，对社区居民参与旅游扶贫的影响因素进行分析，探讨社区居民参与旅游扶贫的机制.结果表明：参与机会显著正向影响参与能力，并与参与能力共同影响参与动机，间接作用于社区参与；参与动机、参与机会和参与能力均对社区参与存在显著的积极作用，其中参与能力对社区参与旅游扶贫的影响最显著；雪峰山区社区居民的社区参与主要为积极参与，在社区参与旅游扶贫的3个层次中，处在第二层次上.因此，要积极整合社区居民参与旅游扶贫的各要素，构建包含动力机制、保障机制、认同机制和自我发展机制为一体的社区居民参与旅游扶贫机制，激发参与动机，保障参与机会，提高参与能力，促进自我发展，实现社区参与层次的提升.

Mechanism of Community Residents Participation in Pro-Poor Tourism Based on MOA Model

Based on the survey of community residents in Xuefeng Mountain Area,and according to the MOA (Motivation-Opportunity-Ability) model,this paper constructed a model of community participation in pro-poor tourism and analyzed the influences and mechanism construction of community residents' participation in pro-poor tourism through multiple linear regression and structural equation analysis.Results show that participation opportunity has significant positive influence on participation ability,participation opportunity and participation ability promote the formation of participation motivation and indirectly promote community participation.The participation motivation,participation opportunity and participation ability are actively and remarkably involved in the community participation.Among them,participation ability has the most significant impact on community participation in pro-poor tourism.Among the three different levels of community participation,the community residents in Xuefeng Mountain Area are in the second level,which is the positive participation.Therefore,in order to strengthen participation motivation of community residents,guarantee the participation opportunity,enhance the participation ability,promote the self-development and broaden the scope of community participation,this paper suggests that we should integrate the various elements of community participation in pro-poor tourism and construct a community participation mechanism that includes motivation mechanism,safeguard mechanism,identification mechanism and self-development mechanism.