哈尔滨市PM_(10)季节性污染来源分析

采集了哈尔滨市4个典型区域四季的大气可吸入颗粒物(PM10),并对颗粒物中的金属元素进行了化学分析,得出20种元素分布特征,并利用富集因子法及化学平衡模型(CMB)对PM10的污染来源进行了解析,结果表明:Cu、Pb、S、Zn、As、Cd六种污染元素主要来自于人为排放源;Al、Ba、Ca、Cr、K、Mg、Mn、V、Sr九种元素主要来源于自然污染,但不排除来自人为污染的可能性;Ti、Na、Si三种元主要来自于自然污染源;Cu、Pb、S、Zn、As、Cd六种元素季节变化和空间差异显著,且冬季人为污染严重;CMB解析结果说明哈尔滨市主要污染来源为交通尘、扬尘、煤烟尘和石化业尘四类,交通尘贡献率最高,扬尘在春季贡献率最高,石油化工尘在夏季贡献率最高,煤烟尘在冬季贡献率最高。

Source apportionment of PM_(10) pollution from four seasons in Harbin

The atmospheric respirable particulate matter (PM_(10)) from four typical districts in Harbin four seasons were collected. And the distribution of spaces and season about 20 kinds of elements were analyzed. Besides the sources of PM10 were studied by means of enrichment factor method and Chemical mass balance method (CMB).The results showed that Cu、Pb、 S、Zn、As、Cd mainly from the anthropogenic emission sources and evident differences with the change of season and space. And Al、Ba、Ca、Cr、K、Mg、Mn、V、Sr mainly from nature sources, possibility of contamination from man-made. Ti、Na、Si really major from nature sources. CMB indicated that in Harbin the significant sources are traffic dust, road dust, coal dust and petrochemical industry dust. Among the sources,the traffic dust is the highest rate contributor. In spring, road dust is the highest rate contributor, in summer is petrochemical dust, and in winter is the coal dust.