京哈高速公路德惠段两侧大型土壤动物多样性季节动态

为了解高速公路建设和运营对其两侧土壤动物多样性的影响及大型土壤动物群落多样性的季节动态,笔者于2013年5月、8月和10月对京哈高速公路德惠段两侧大型土壤动物群落组成和多样性进行了研究。研究中共捕获大型土壤动物7 596只,隶属5纲10目11科。正蚓科和东京弓背蚁均是公路两侧的优势类群。高速公路土壤动物的个体密度、类群数、多样性指数和优势度指数在季节间存在显著差异。典范对应分析研究表明:气温和降水量是影响大型土壤动物群落的主要环境因子; 大型土壤动物的多样性并不随着与高速公路的距离的增加而增大; 大型土壤动物多样性特征在季节之间的差异大于样点之间的差异,主要原因与区域尺度及气候因子有关。

Seasonal variation in diversity of soil macro-fauna on both sides of Beijing-Harbin expressway

Construction and operation of expressway affect the diversity in surrounding soil. In the present study, an investigation about the composition and diversity of the soil macro-fauna was conducted in the Dehui section of Beijing-Harbin expressway. Sampling sites at 5, 20, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1 600 m away from the expressway region were conducted on both sides of the expressway(the north and south)in May, August and October 2013. We collected in total 7 596 individual soil macro-fauna, belonging to 11 families, 10 orders, 5 classes. Lumbricidae and Camponotustokioensis were the dominant groups on both sides of the expressway. Analysis of variance(ANOVA)with repeated replication showed a significant influence(P<0.05)of sampling period on the soil faunal abundance, richness Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index of soil macro-fauna in the neighborhood of the expressway. The canonical correspondence analysis results showed that the soil macro-faunal diversity was significantly correlated with temperature and precipitation. The results illustrated that soil macro-faunal diversity did not increase with the increase of the distance away from the expressway. Sampling period was the main factor influencing soil macro-faunal diversity in the Dehui region of Beijing-Harbin expressway, and the influence was more profound than the sampling site. The mechanism can be explained by regional scale and climate factors. This study is helpful for further understanding the correlation between environmental pollution situation and the construction and operation of expressway.