试论东正教在北京的传播

东正教是基督教里的一个派别，元朝时期始传入中国。后随着蒙元帝国的灭亡而消失。直至清康熙年间东正教再次传入中国，北京出现了东正教的传教士。清雍正五年（１７２７年），中俄两国签订《恰克图条约》后，东正教在北京的传播得到清政府的准许，北京相继出现了东正教传教士团，随着东正教的传播，增进了俄罗斯对中国的了解，促进了中俄两国文化的交流。沙皇政府为了实现其侵略中国，扩张领土的野心，早在１７２１年就加强皇权对教权的控制，俄罗斯东正教驻北京的传教士团直接参与了沙皇政府侵略中国的行动，主要精力用于搜集中国政治、经济、文化等各方面的情报，充当了沙皇俄国侵略中国的急先锋。俄国十月革命后，东正教在反苏反共问题上达成共识。由于东正教北京传教士团过多地参与政治，始终没能在中国、在北京广泛地传播，至今东正教已经在北京绝迹。

The Spread of the Orthodox Eastern Church

The Orthodox Eastern Church is a branch of christianity.It arised in China for the first time during the Yuan Dynasty and died out with Mongolia Empire.The missionasy of the church is appeared in Beijing once more until the reign of Emperor Kangxi.In the 5th year of reign of Emperor Yongzheng(1727 A.D.),the Qing government allowed the church to preach.The cultural exchange between China and Russian made progress with the spread of the church.But the church became a aggressive tool of Russian government on gathering information about politics,economy,culture and so on since 1721.It spent main energy on participating in the government and political affairs instead of preaching,and therefore made little influnce in China.Up to now the church has vanished in Beijing.