正丁基吡啶硫酸氢盐离子液体催化合成棕榈酸甲酯的试验研究

采用正丁基吡啶硫酸氢盐离子液体为催化剂,对棕榈酸和甲醇催化酯化合成棕榈酸甲酯的影响因素进行了研究.试验结果表明:棕榈酸物质的量比为50∶1、反应温度为70 ℃、催化剂用量为6%和反应时间为110 min时酯化率最高,在此基础上进行了正交试验极差分析,各因素对反应酯化率的影响主次顺序为:催化剂用量＞反应时间＞反应温度＞醇酸摩尔比,反应的最佳条件是:催化剂用量为8%,反应时间为130 min,反应温度为70 ℃,醇酸物质的量比为50∶1,在此最优条件下进行验证试验,通过验证试验可测得酯化率为98.63%.根据试验数据进行方差分析表明,反应时间、反应温度、醇酸摩尔比和催化剂用量4个因素的水平变化对酯化率均无显著影响.

The experimental study on synthesis of methyl palmitate catalyzed by pyridine n-butyl hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid

Using pyridine n-butyl bisulfate ionic liquid as catalyst,the affecting factors of synthesis of methyl palmitate with palmitic acid and methanol were studied.The results showed that the esterification rate got up to the highest when the single factor experiment was with the mole ratio of alcohol to acid of 50∶1,the reaction temperature was of 70 ℃,catalyst amount was of 6% and the reaction time was of 110 min.The variance of the orthogonal showed the primary and secondary affecting factors as follow:the amount of catalystthe reaction timethe reaction temperaturethe mole ratio of alcohol to acid,the optimum reaction conditions were:catalyst amount of 6%,the reaction time of 130 min,the reaction temperature of 70 ℃ and the mole ratio of alcohol to acid of 50∶1.Then we made the verification test under these optimal conditions and draw the conclusion that the esterification rate is up to 98.63%.Analysis of variance showed the level change of the four factors has no significant influences on the esterification rate including the reaction time,the reaction temperature,the mole ratio of alcohol to acid and the amount of catalyst.