金沙江干热河谷人工林地表昆虫群落

为弄清金沙江干热河谷不同人工林地表昆虫多样性及其在恢复中的指示作用,采用陷阱法调查了元谋县境内7种人工林的地表昆虫群落.① 物种组成:金沙江干热河谷人工林旱季地表昆虫有5目7科24种2 162头,其中膜翅目昆虫最丰富,占所有地表昆虫个体数的98.4%和物种数的75.0%;雨季地表昆虫有12目49科98种2 744头,其中膜翅目个体数最多,鞘翅目种类最多.金沙江干热河谷人工林旱季地表昆虫群落组成和雨季截然不同,雨季地表昆虫群落物种组成比旱季复杂,植被性质相同或接近的样带具有相似的地表昆虫组成.② 多度和多样性:大多数人工林旱季地表昆虫群落多度和多样性低于雨季,旱季印楝林地表昆虫多度最高,显著高于桉树林、膏桐-新银合欢林和印楝-合欢林;雨季印楝林和印楝-大叶相思林地表昆虫多度最高,显著高于桉树林,印楝-大叶相思林物种丰富度S值最高,显著高于膏桐-新银合欢林.③ 地表昆虫多样性与植物多样性间的相关性:人工林旱季地表昆虫群落的多样性与植物群落的多样性密切相关.研究表明:除膏桐-新银合欢林生物多样性较低、恢复状况较差外,其它人工林生物多样性相对较高、恢复状况较好;这些人工林彼此间具有不太相似的地表昆虫物种组成,在当地生物多样性保护中具有积极意义.金沙江干热河谷人工林旱季地表昆虫多样性与植物多样性密切相关,能够指示植物群落的多样性水平.

Commonities of above-ground insects in plantation forests in arid-hot valleys of Jinsha River,Yunnan

In order to reveal the diversity and bio-indication roles of above-ground insects in restoration in arid-hot valleys of Jinsha River,an investigation of above-ground insects was carried out by pitfall trappings in 7 plantations in Yuanmou County,Yunnan,China.The results were as follows:① Species composition:2 162 insects individuals were collected,representing 5 orders,7 families,and 24 species in the dry season.Among them,insects of Hymenoptera were the most abundant,representing 98.4% of the abundance and 75.0% of the species richness;While in the rainy season,2 744 insects individuals were collected,representing 12 orders,49 families,and 98 species,insects of Hymenoptera were the most abundant,and the richest species were from Coleoptera.The composition of above-grounding insects in plantations was very different between the dry and rainy season in arid-hot valleys of Jinsha River,it was more complicated in the rainy season.Plantations with the same or similar features showed the same community species composition of above-grounding insects;② Abundance and diversity:for most plantations,the insect abundance and species richness in the dry season were lower than that of the rainy season.In dry season,Azadirachta indica plantation had the highest abundance in insects among all the plantations,and showed significant difference,compared with Jatropha curcas-Leucaena leucocephala plantation,and Azadirachta indica-Acacia glauca or Leucaena leucocephala plantation.In the rainy season,the insect abundance in Azadirachta indica plantation and Azadirachta indica-Acacia auriculiformis plantation was the highest among all plantations,and was significantly higher than that of Eucalyptus spp.plantation.However,the richness of the insect species in Azadirachta indica-Acacia auriculiformis plantation was the highest among all plantations,and was significantly higher than that of Jatropha curcas-Leucaena leucocephala plantation;③ The relationship between above-ground insect diversity and vegetation diversity:they were positively related only in the dry season.Except for Jatrophao curcas-Leucaena leucocephala plantation,the other studied plantations had relative higher biodiversity and better restoration.The community species composition of above-grounding insects differed by different plantations,which was very meaningful in local biodiversity protection and could also be considered as a bio-indicator to the vegetation diversity level.