MIMO-SAR成像技术发展与展望

作为一种新兴的合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar, SAR)成像体制,近年来提出的多输入多输出SAR(multiple input multiple output SAR, MIMO-SAR)通过波形分集、空间分集等,可以得到远多于实际天线数量的自由度,为突破常规SAR体制局限,实现高分辨率宽测绘带(high resolution wide swath, HRWS)成像、慢速运动目标检测、同时多模式工作等应用提供了有效的技术途径。本文概括了MIMO-SAR的国内外研究现状,剖析了MIMO-SAR的概念内涵、技术特点及关键技术,着重对其波形设计技术进行了探讨。最后,结合系统发展和实际应用,对其发展趋势进行了展望。

Development and perspective of MIMO-SAR imaging technology

As an emerging imaging mechanism of synthetic aperture radar (SAR), the recently proposed multiple input multiple output SAR (MIMO-SAR) could obtain much more freedoms than the number of the physical antenna elements by utilizing waveform diversity and space diversity. As a result, it could overcome the limitation of the conventional SAR, and provide effective techniques for applications such as high resolution wide swath (HRWS) imaging, slow moving target detection, mean-time multi-mode operation and so on. This paper summarizes the research status of MIMO-SAR from domestic and abroad, analyzes its concept connotation, technical features and key technologies, and probes into its waveform designing techniques. Finally, combined with system development and practical applications, the developing trend of the MIMO-SAR imaging technique is discussed.