静电场与表面活性剂对液-液体系相间传质动力学特性的影响

在Lewis传质池外部施加不同方向的静电场激励,研究反萃传质体系Cu2 -HDEHP-CCl4/H2O在改变相主体搅拌速率、体系添加十二烷基硫酸钠、聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵等条件时的传质动力学特性.研究发现:无静电场激励时,添加十二烷基硫酸钠可提高传质速率42.0%,但添加聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚降低传质速率45.5%,添加十六烷基三甲基溴化铵降低传质速率19.8%;无表面活性剂时,不同方向的静电场均显著加速传质过程,正向静电场增幅达到114%;在垂直静电场作用下,体系添加聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚传质速率降低28.0%;在减速静电场作用下,体系添加十六烷基三甲基溴化铵传质速率降低16.0%;但体系添加十二烷基硫酸钠时,传质速率均被加速,最高达64.0%;提高搅拌速率不仅可以影响相间流体力学层,还可以改变相间分散层结构.

Effect of Surfactants and Static Electric Field on Characteristics of Liquid-Liquid Mass Transfer Kinetics

The excitation of electrostatic field with different orientations external to the Lewis cell was applied to study the characteristics of mass transfer kinetics in stripping system of Cu2 -HDEHP-CCl4/H2O under conditions of changing stirring ratio of organic phase,and adding in surfactants SDS,Triton X-100 and CTMAB as well as coupled electrostatic field.The results showed that without electrostatic field,the surfactant SDS could accelerate the mass transfer rate by 42.0%,but adding surfactants of Triton X-100 and CTMAB could decrease transfer rate of 45.5% and 19.8%,respectively.Without surfactants,the mass transfer process could greatly be increased by different electrostatic fields,in which the action of positive electrostatic field was the most significant with the increase of 114%.Under the effect of vertical electrostatic fields,the mass transfer rate was decreased 28.0% and 16.0% with addition of Triton X-100 and hexadecyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide respectively in decelerating electrostatic field.However,the mass transfer rate was accelerated with the highest increase of 64.0% using sodium dodecyl sulfate.Speeding up the stirring rate not only affected the layer of interphase fluid mechanics but also changed the structure of diffusion layer.