北京城区麻雀体内污染物的研究

通过比较重工业区和对照区麻雀（Passer montanus)的肝脏、胸肌和初级飞羽中砷（As)、硒（Se)以及重金属汞（Hg)、铬（Cr)、镉（Cd)、铅（Pb）、锰（Mn)、铜（Cu）的质量分数，探讨了将麻雀作为环境指示物种的可行性。分析结果表明，重工业区麻雀体内污染物的质量分数明显高于对照区；成鸟体内的Hg,Se,Cd,Pb,Cu明显高于幼鸟；重工业区麻雀羽毛中Se,Cd,Pb,Mn和Cu的质量分数显著高于对照区；对比羽毛和其他组织中各元素的聚集量，发现羽毛中Cd,Mn,Cu的质量分数和肝脏、肌肉中的呈显著性正相关，这几种元素在羽毛中的积累和在其他组织中的积累有线性关系。这显示采用麻雀羽毛监测环境中某些元素的污染是可行的，麻雀能够作为城市环境的指示物种。

STUDIES ON CONTAMINATIONS IN TREE SPARROW(PASSER MONTANUS ) IN BEIJING

Tree sparrows were caught at two different locations in Beijing to represent heavy industry area and the control one. The levels of arsenic, mercury, selenium, chromium, cadmium, lead, manganese, copper were determined respectively in feathers, liver and muscles of tree sparrow by ICP(inductive coupled plasma) spectrum. It shows that birds lived in heavy industry area have higher concentrations of heavy metals. The levels of Hg, Se, Cd, Pb, Cu in adults are significant higher than in nestlings. Se, Cd, Pb, Mn and Cu accumulate in feathers are significant higher in heavy industry area. Through analyzing the correlation of the residues of elements between feathers and other organs, it is found that Cd, Mn, Cu correlated well, and their positive linear relationship shows that it is feasible to monitor environment by feathers.