水声吸声材料与吸声结构研究进展

低频探测技术的发展对水下航行器的隐身性能提出了新的挑战。为了提高水下航行器的生存能力，通常会在其表面敷设水声吸声材料以吸收声纳发出的探测声波。本文综述了水声吸声材料及吸声结构的研究进展，介绍了基体材料改性、不同吸声结构对吸声性能的影响以及声学超材料在水声吸声领域中的应用，并总结了吸声材料和吸声结构中存在的问题与不足。

Advances in underwater sound-absorbing materials and structures

The development of low-frequency detection technology has brought new challenges in respect of the stealth performance of underwater vehicles. In order to improve the survivability of underwater vehicles, underwater sound-absorbing materials are usually laid on their surfaces to absorb the sound waves emitted by sonar. In this paper, recent progress in the fabrication of underwater sound-absorbing materials and sound-absorbing structures is reviewed. The modification of matrix materials, the influence of different sound-absorbing structures on sound-absorbing properties and the application of acoustic metamaterials in the field of underwater acoustic absorption are introduced. The problems and shortcomings in current sound-absorbing materials and sound-absorbing structures are summarized.