地质构造形态定量研究初探

构造地质学的基础工作是研究褶皱与断层的形态。以往对于地质构造形态的研究,主要是定性地描述;或者在地形平坦的条件下,求褶皱的横截面与断层的总滑距。近年来,D.M.拉根所著《构造地质学——几何方法导论》一书,全面介绍了用几何方法研究构造形态的方法。他在书中介绍了在地形起伏情况下作褶皱横截面图的方法,但在某些情况下应用有局限性,作图方法较为复杂。书中没有介绍在地形起伏情况下如何求断层总滑距的方法。现在本文作者在前人工作的基础上,提出另一种在地形起伏情况下作褶皱横截面图的方法,这种方法在较少情况下应用有局限性,作图方法较为简便。作者在此同时提出了作褶皱纵截面图与顶(底)截面图的二种方法,以便能够全面定量地研究褶皱的形态。作者在此还提出了在地形起伏情况下求断层总滑距的方法,以及在构造等高线图上求断层面形态。总滑距与褶皱三个方向截面图的方法。

A Preliminary Quantitative Study of Geological Structural Forms

On the basis of precursory works, the author suggests a method to draw the foldtransverse section in undulated relief. As compared with the drawing method intro-duced by Donal M. Ragan, the present method has more extensive application andmore simple procedure. The author also suggests two methods to draw a fold longi-tudinal section and a top (bottom) section, by means of which it is possible to quantitatively study the fold forms comprehensively. At the same time, the author suggeststhe drawing methods to obtain fault fotal slip in undulated relief, as well as theform of fault plane, total slip and tri-directional fold sections on a structural con.tours map.