通导一体化环月星座设计初探

探月活动的深入开展对月球中继星座的覆盖连续性、通信即时性、导航精准性及建设成本的要求越来越高。通导一体化的出现可为月球星座设计带来新思路, 可在为月面用户提供通信中继服务的同时, 在三重覆盖下实现高精度月面用户定位。针对不同卫星数量、不同轨道高度的环月星座轨道, 分析了其单重、双重和三重全月面全时覆盖的性能, 提出了特定高度下针对不同覆盖重数所需卫星数量的理论最小值, 并进行了仿真验证; 而后在通导一体化设计准则下, 对三重覆盖的情况进行了月面用户定位仿真分析, 结果显示三重覆盖定位精度可达米级。

A preliminary study on the design of constellation orbiting the moon with the communication and navigation integration

With the further development of lunar exploration activities, the requirements for continuity of coverage, immediacy of communication, precision of navigation and construction cost of lunar relay constellation are becoming higher and higher. The integration of communication and navigation can bring new ideas to the design of lunar constellations. In addition to providing communication relay services for lunar users, it can also achieve high-precision positioning for them under triple coverage. For the lunar orbit constellations with different number of satellites and different orbit heights, the performance of their coverage continuities for single, double and triple coverage is analyzed, and the theoretical minimum number of satellites required for different coverage multiples at a specific altitude is proposed and simulations are performed to verify. Then, with the design criterion of integration of communication and navigation, the simulation of the lunar users positioning under triple coverage is carried out, and the results show that the positioning accuracy of triple coverage can reach meter level.