从元杂剧的上场诗看元代的士子形象

上场诗是元杂剧的重要组成部分,且数量众多,虽然有着类型化的倾向,但仍然可以看出元杂剧中士子的形象特点。元杂剧上场诗中的士子类型比较单一,大多描写士子贫困潦倒、身世飘零、入仕无望的悲苦和绝望。元杂剧上场诗中塑造的士子形象有着深刻的时代背景和原因,主要与元代的科举制度有关。元代统治者对科举的冷落乃至废除直接影响了士子们的心态和精神面貌。

Analysis on the Images of Yuan Intellectuals from the Poetry for Entering the Stage of Yuan Plays

Poetry for entering the stage is an important part of the Yuan plays,and there are numerous of them. Although it a lot of stereotypes,we can still see the images of the intellectuals in Yuan dynasty.The intellectuals in poetry for entering the stage in Yuan plays are one-fold,mostly poor,full of sorrow and despair,and hopeless to earn a position for the government.The image of the intellectuals mainly comes from the imperial examination system in Yuan dynasty.The indifferent attitude toward the imperial examination and its abolishment by Yuan dynasty rulers directly influenced the attitude and spirit of the intellectuals at that time.