一种新型MXene基阻燃热塑性聚氨酯的研究

以植酸（PA）、吡咯、硝酸钴和碳化钛（Ti3C2Tx,MXene）为主要原料,利用界面调控技术合成一种含P和Co元素的新型MXene基阻燃剂（CoPM）,并通过熔融共混的方法制备热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）纳米复合材料。锥形量热测试结果表明,引入4.0 wt%的CoPM后,TPU/CoPM-4.0纳米复合材料的热释放速率峰值、烟释放速率峰值、一氧化碳产生速率峰值和二氧化碳产生速率峰值较纯TPU分别下降41.4%、15.1%、29.4%和39.6%。TPU/CoPM纳米复合材料优异的阻燃和抑烟减毒性能归因于：在凝聚相中,Ti3C2Tx发挥物理阻隔效应和催化成炭作用,隔绝聚合物材料与火焰区的热量、气体交换,且燃烧产物Co3O4和TiO2具有催化抑烟减毒作用;在气相中,PA热解产生含磷自由基捕获剂,从而中断链式燃烧反应。

Study on the flame retardancy effect of a novel MXene-based on thermoplastic polyurethane

A novel MXene-based flame retardant containing P and Co (denoted as CoPM) was successfully synthesized via reaction of Phytic acid (PA), pyrrole, cobalt nitrate and Titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx, MXene) under an interfacial modulation approach. Then, the as-synthesized CoPM was introduced into thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrix to prepare TPU nanocomposites by using a simple melt blending method. The results of cone calorimetry indicated that with the addition of 4.0% CoPM, TPU nanocomposite showed excellent flame retardant, smoke suppressed and toxicity reduced performances. Compared to those of pure TPU, the peak of heat release rate (PHRR), the peak of smoke release rate (PSPR), the peak of carbon monoxide production rate (PCOPR) and the peak of carbon dioxide production rate (PCO2PR) of TPU/CoPM-4.0 nanocomposite were decreased by 41.4%, 15.1%, 29.4% and 39.6% respectively. The distinct reduction in fire hazard of TPU/CoPM nanocomposites was attributed to the reasons: In the condensed phase, the physical barrier effect and catalytic charring action of Ti3C2Tx nanosheets prevented the heat and gas exchange between the polymer substrate and the flame zone, and the Co3O4 and TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited excellent catalytic action in reduction of toxic fumes; In the gase phase, the PA molecules evolved into phosphorus containing radical scavengers during pyrolyzation, which can interrupt the chain combustion reaction.