植物种群生态研究进展

对植物种群生态学近20年在其各个领域所取得的进展及其动态作如下归纳：（1）植物种群生理生态学在向宏观方向发展的同时，由于分子生物学和生物技术的兴起，也向器官细胞和分子水平发展；（2）植物种群繁殖生态主要集中于繁殖分配与繁殖投资、分配通货，生殖值，生活史进化，繁殖时间和频率等；（3）无性系种群生态学主要集中于无性系性、生理整合，克隆生长格局，无性系生长型，等级选择模型和空间拓展性等，（4）植物构件生态主要集中于植物沟件种群动态和形态结构与构件的关系。（5）遗传生态学主要集中在种群遗传结构，变异、分化、适应及其与环境的关系，生态型及其遗传基础，多态性等。（6）植物行为生态学主要对植物觅源生态学研究，并集中在资源分配格局、表型可塑性，资源异质性以及觅源行为和进化，种群统计学主要涉及图解模型和转移矩阵模型，植物种群生理生态、生殖生态、遗传生态以及种群数量动态均与分子机制相关联，因而成为种群生态研究的前沿。

Trends and Advances in Researches on Plant Population Ecology

The trends and advances in all aspects of plant population ecology over past 20 years are summarized as follows: (1) Due to the introduction and progress of molecular biology and biotechnology, plant population physiological ecology not only moves forward to the studies of large scale, but also to the studies on levels of organ, cell and molecule. (2) Studies of plant population reproductive ecology are chiefly focused on the aspects of reproductive allocation and reproductive effort, currencies in reproductive allocation, reproductive value, life history evolution, reproductive timing and reproductive frequency, etc. (3) As to clonal plant ecology, the research of it mainly focuses on clonality, physiological integration, clonal growth patterns, clonal growth forms, hierarchical selection models and spatial mobility, etc. (4) Modular dynamics, relations between morphology and modular dynamics are much considered in plant modular ecology. (5) Population genetical structure, variance, differentiation, adaptation and its relations to environments, ecotypes and their genetic background, and polymorphism, etc. are chiefly researched in genetical ecology. (6) Foraging behaviour is the most focal aspect in study of plant behavioural ecology presently. Owing to this situation, resource allocation patterns, phenotypic plasticity, resource heterogeneity, foraging behaviour and evolution are being concentrated. (7) Plant population demography mainly touches on diagrammatic models and transition matrix models. (8) Plant population physiological ecology, reproductive ecology, genetical ecology and population dynamics are all related to some extent to molecular mechanisms, therefore are becoming the research front of plant population ecology.