"深圳-巴彦浩特"地理样带土地利用及其对生态资产的影响

在建立"深圳-巴彦浩特"地理样带基础地理数据库的基础上,分析了研究区1995-2000年土地利用、生态资产的变化特征以及土地利用变化对生态资产的影响.结果表明,样带土地利用变化受快速城市化、产业结构调整和生态环境改善政策驱动的影响显著.土地利用的主要类型由耕地向林地转变,使得样带2000年的生态资产比1995年增加了899亿元,样带上湿地(包括水体)的增加对生态资产总量的保持和提高有重要作用.另一方面,城市化和荒漠化也使得样带局部地区出现了生态资产的降低.

LAND USE CHANGE IMPACTS ON ECOLOGICAL ASSETS OF GEOGRAPHIC TRANSECT FROM SHENZHEN TO BAYANHAOTE IN CHINA

Based on the setup of the geography database of "Shenzhen-Bayanhaote" geographic transect,the spatio-temporal pattern of the ecological assets and land use changes and their effects on ecological assets in the transect during the last five years of 1990s are analyzed.The result shows that the land use changes are evidently affected by rapid urbanization,adjustments in industry structure and policy drivers.1) The percentage of farmland has decreased from 34.2% to 17.26% while that of forest has increased from 10.62% to 31.5%,which added 89.91 billion RMB to the ecological assets in the study area.Under the influence of the policies of land use patterns adjustment,the ecological assets has increased greatly.2) The urban land has expanded from 0.09% in 1995 to 0.28% in 2000 while the bare land has increased from 7.57% to 18.18% in the same period.Thus the urbanization and the desertification become the main cause of the reduction of the ecological assets in the geographic transect.3) On the other hand,the ecological assets of the transect has increased by 17.7% from 1995 to 2000 because of the reasonable land use adjustment.Therefore,to maintain the regional ecological assets at a certain level,the ecological benefits of land use should be focused as well as its economical benefits.Thus a balance between regional economical development and ecological security could be attained.