水下生产系统连接器及其关键技术

水下生产系统是深水油田和边际油田开发的一种主流模式。水下生产系统连接器是水下生产系统中将海底井口、采油树系统、管汇系统及水下控制系统进行连接的装置，因而其是构建完整水下生产系统的关键装置之一。为了进一步推进水下生产系统连接器的国产化进程，在调研其国内外研究现状的基础上，对卡爪式、卡箍式以及螺栓法兰3大主要连接器的结构特点和功能原理进行了简要概述，并对其特性进行了比较分析；同时，通过分析3类连接器的典型产品，总结了相关产品技术上所具有的共性，并揭示相关技术的发展趋势；最后，结合以上分析，总结了水下生产系统连接器的定位对中、锁紧和密封等关键技术，并明确了研发的难点所在。通过对现有水下生产系统各类连接器及其关键技术进行分析，可为突破其技术难点，实现其国产化提供建议和明确方向。

Connectors for an Underwater Production System and Key Techniques

Underwater production systems are widely used in developing deep-water and marginal oil fields. Connectors for an underwater production system are devices that connect subsea wellheads, manifold systems, and underwater control systems in an underwater production system. Therefore, they are key devices in the construction of a complete underwater production system. To further promote the localization of connectors for underwater production systems, both Chinese and international studies related to this topic are reviewed in this study. Based on the research, this study offers a brief overview of the characteristics of the structures, functions, and principles of three main connectors, namely, claw coupling, a clamp connector, and a bolted flange. Moreover, the properties of these connectors are compared and analyzed. In addition, through the analysis of typical products of these three types of connectors, the study summarizes the commonalities of related techniques for these products and describes the development trends of the techniques. Finally, based on the aforementioned analysis, the key techniques for utilizing connectors in underwater production systems, including positioning, alignment, locking, and sealing, are summarized. The difficulties of research and development are clearly highlighted in this study. The analysis of different types of connectors used in existing underwater production systems and relevant key techniques can act as a reference and provide a clear direction for overcoming technical barriers and achieving localization.